3rd October 2023 (9 Topics)
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Bihar caste-based survey
Context
The Bihar government has released the results of its socio-economic caste survey in the State.
Key takeaways from the survey:
- The survey puts the share of Extremely Backward Classes (EBCs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) cumulatively at more than 63%.
- Category-wise classification:
- The “unreserved” category i.e. the “forward” castes is about 5%.
- The Extremely Backward Classes (EBCs) are the biggest social group comprising 36.01% of the State’s population.
- The OBCs accounts to 27.12%, and the Scheduled Castes (SCs) to 19.65%.
- Scheduled Tribes (STs) are only 1.68%.
- Total Population: Bihar’s population, according to the survey, is 13, 07, 25,310, compared to the 10.41 crore recorded in the 2011 census.
- Religion-based data:
- Hindus comprise 99% of the population, and
- Muslims 72%.
- The populations of Buddhists, Christians, Sikhs, Jains, and other religious denominations are minuscule.
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Who are EBCs?
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Probable outcomes of the Survey:
- OBC Quota Demand: The survey's findings are likely to intensify calls for increasing the OBC (Other Backward Classes) reservation in India beyond the current 27%.
- There's also growing demand for a separate quota within the OBC category for EBCs (Economically Backward Classes).
- Sub-Categorization: The Justice Rohini Commission, which has been studying sub-categorization of castes within OBCs.
- These recommendations could become significant, and Bihar's survey might inspire other states to conduct similar studies.
- Reservation Ceiling Debate: The survey data could reignite the debate about the 50% cap on reservations set by the Supreme Court in 1992.
- This limit was imposed to maintain administrative efficiency.
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