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15th November 2024 (9 Topics)

Delhi's Air Quality and the Implementation of GRAP III

Context

Delhi and its adjoining areas have been covered under a thick blanket of smog since the morning, causing the air quality index (AQI) to reach the 'Severe' category, with values exceeding 400 in several regions. The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) has termed this early morning dense smog as an "episodic event", adding that the situation is expected to improve soon. However, the alarming levels of pollution have prompted the CAQM to enforce Stage III of the Graded Action Response Plan (GRAP).

What is GRAP III?

  • GRAP (Graded Action Response Plan) is a set of measures introduced by the government to combat air pollution in Delhi and its surrounding areas during the winter season. It operates in four stages, depending on the AQI level:
    • Stage I (AQI 201-300) - Poor air quality
    • Stage II (AQI 301-400) - Very Poor air quality
    • Stage III (AQI 401-450) - Severe air quality
    • Stage IV (AQI >450) - Severe Plus air quality
  • When the AQI falls in the Severe range (401-450), Stage III measures are activated. These measures aim to reduce pollution levels and minimize exposure to harmful air quality.
  • Implementing Agency:The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) in NCR and adjoining areas oversees the implementation of GRAP.
    • It collaborates with the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).

Air Quality Index

  • The Air Quality Index (AQI) is issued by government agencies to gauge air pollution levels and communicate risks to the public.
  • It indicates how air pollution can affect health, with higher AQI values indicating more severe health concerns.
  • The AQI is calculated based on air pollutant concentrations over a specific period, and the results are categorised into ranges with corresponding health advisories.
  • According to the AQI scale, the air quality check between
    • 0 and 50 is "Good"
    • 51 and 100 "Satisfactory"
    • 101 and 200 "Moderate"
    • 201 and 300 "Poor"
    • 301 and 400 "Very Poor"
    • 401 and 450 "Severe"
    • over 450 as "Severe +"

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