15th November 2024 (9 Topics)
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Reform the United Nations
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Context
India has reiterated its call for reforming the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) during the UN General Assembly session, emphasizing the need for increased permanent membership and more inclusivity to address current global challenges. The UK has expressed support for India’s bid to become a permanent member, advocating for a UNSC that reflects contemporary geopolitical realities.
Need for Reform in UNSC
- Outdated Framework: The UNSC, established in 1945, has not undergone significant reform since 1965, making it ill-equipped to deal with modern-day global challenges, such as climate change, refugee crises, and human rights violations.
- Geopolitical Representation: India has highlighted the under-representation of Asia, Africa, and Latin America in the UNSC and called for reforms to make the Council more representative and inclusive, reflecting the global power dynamics of the 21st century.
- Global Consensus on Reform: India’s call for reform has garnered international support, with the UK reaffirming its backing for India’s permanent membership in the UNSC to better address the world’s pressing security concerns.
Challenges Facing the UNSC and Global Diplomacy
- Polarization of UNSC: The UNSC remains sharply divided on major global conflicts, such as the Ukraine war and the Israel-Hamas conflict, demonstrating its inefficiency in handling contemporary peace and security challenges.
- Urgency of Reform: The lack of reform has led to a public perception that the UN is still trapped in Cold War-era paralysis, which hampers its ability to act decisively in the face of emerging global crises.
- India’s Role and Case for Membership: As the world’s largest democracy and one of the fastest-growing economies, India presents a strong case for permanent membership in the UNSC, based on its growing geopolitical influence and commitment to the UN Charter.
Practice Question
Q. Discuss the challenges and need for reform in the United Nations Security Council. How does India’s bid for permanent membership align with the changing geopolitical realities of the 21st century?
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