ISRO’s EOS-09 satellite mission fail

Context

The 101st launch of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) failed mid-flight during its third stage due to a technical anomaly in the third stage of the PSLV-C61 rocket.

Key Reasons for the Failure:

Normal Performance of First Two Stages: The launch began successfully. The first and second stages of the four-stage Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) functioned as expected.
Issue in the Third Stage: During the operation of the third stage, a drop in chamber pressure of the solid rocket motor was observed. This fall in pressure compromised the thrust generation required to propel the vehicle further into the intended Sun Synchronous Polar Orbit (SSPO), leading to mission failure.
Due to this anomaly, the satellite EOS-09 could not be placed in its intended orbit.

About the EOS-09 Mission:

EOS-09 is a remote sensing Earth observation satellite, similar to EOS-04, intended to provide frequent imaging for operational applications like agriculture, forestry, soil moisture, disaster management, and flood monitoring.
It was equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), capable of capturing high-resolution images regardless of weather or light conditions.
Intended Orbit: A Sun Synchronous Polar Orbit (SSPO) — crucial for consistent lighting conditions in Earth observation.
PSLV-C61 was ISRO’s 101st launch, reinforcing the importance and frequency of PSLV in India’s space program.
The PS4 stage was also designed with Orbit Change Thrusters (OCT) and passivation mechanisms to minimize space debris post-satellite deployment — had the mission succeeded.