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2. Kodaikanal Solar Observatory
Context
The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO) turned 125 this year.
About
- The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO) is a solar observatory owned and operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, located in Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu.
- The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is a pioneering institution for solar physics.
- Evershed Effect: Its earliest claim to fame lies, in part, with the late John Evershed, an English astronomer who first observed the flow of gases across sunspots from here in 1909. This phenomenon was christened the Evershed Effect.
- The sun has been studied over the last few centuries for various reasons, including
- Solar eclipses
- Sunspots –cooler regions on the sun’s surface that emit electromagnetic radiation
- Solar flares, which affect the earth’s atmosphere
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