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A progressive Indian policy on Myanmar outlined
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Context
The ongoing military rule in Myanmar since February 2021 has resulted in severe human rights violations, including the deaths of over 5,000 people and the displacement of approximately 2.5 million. Despite this, India continues to maintain formal relations with the regime, prompting debates over its policy approach and the need for a more values-driven strategy.
Current Policy Stance and Criticism
- Introduction to the Issue: India's current policy of engaging with Myanmar's military regime is criticized for prioritizing strategic interests over democratic values, as the regime continues to commit widespread atrocities.
- Debate Over Values vs. Interests: Critics argue that India's narrow strategic focus undermines its broader national interests and fails to leverage its position as a major democracy in the region.
- Potential for a Values-Driven Policy: A progressive, values-driven policy that supports democracy and human security in Myanmar could better align with India's long-term interests and enhance its regional influence.
Strategic Recommendations for Policy Shift
- Leveraging Democratic Credentials: India should utilize its status as the largest federal democracy to support Myanmar's pro-democracy movement, offering capacity-building and knowledge exchange to aid the National Unity Government (NUG) and other resistance groups.
- Halting Military Support: Immediate cessation of all weapon sales and military aid to the Myanmar junta is crucial, as these resources are used to perpetuate violence against civilians.
- Establishing Humanitarian Corridors: India should open cross-border humanitarian corridors to provide relief to civilians affected by conflict in Myanmar's border regions, reinstating the Free Movement Regime (FMR) and collaborating with local and international NGOs for aid distribution.
Humanitarian and Ethical Considerations
- Stopping Deportation of Asylum Seekers: India must halt the detention and deportation of Myanmar asylum seekers, treating them as refugees in need of protection rather than illegal immigrants, in accordance with international legal principles and humanitarian considerations.
- Promoting Inclusive Refugee Policies: The government should ensure humane treatment and shelter for refugees, learning from best practices in other countries and adhering to international standards.
UPSC Mains Questions
Q. Critically analyze India's current policy towards Myanmar's military regime in light of the ongoing human rights violations. How can India balance its strategic interests with its democratic values in its foreign policy?
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