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Chandrayaan-3 Tardigrade
Context
A newly discovered species of water bear (also called tardigrade) has been found to possess an extraordinary ability to survive radiation levels that are up to 1,000 times higher than what humans can endure. This microscopic organism has been named Chandrayaan-3 tardigrade in honor of India’s successful lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3.
Key Features of the Chandrayaan-3 Tardigrade:
- The Chandrayaan-3 tardigrade was named to honor India's third lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3.
- This mission marked an important achievement in India’s space exploration efforts. The name celebrates India’s contribution to space science and symbolizes the spirit of discovery and scientific innovation.
- Extreme Radiation Resistance: The Chandrayaan-3 tardigrade can endure radiation doses of 3,000 to 5,000 grays (Gy). For comparison, a dose of about 3 to 5 grays can be lethal to humans. This means the tardigrade can survive 1,000 times higher levels of radiation than humans can tolerate.
- Unique Mechanisms for Surviving Radiation: The tardigrade’s resistance to radiation is due to several biological features:
- Betalains: These are pigments that the tardigrade produces to neutralize harmful molecules created by radiation.
- TRID1 Protein: This special protein helps the tardigrade repair its DNA quickly, fixing any radiation-induced damage.
- BCS1 and NDUFB8 Proteins: These proteins help the tardigrade’s cells maintain energy and protect against radiation damage.
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