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Chandrayaan-4
Context
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is preparing for its ambitious Chandrayaan-4 mission, aiming to bring back samples from the Moon. This mission involves unique challenges and innovative strategies, including assembling spacecraft parts in space.
What is Chandrayaan-4?
- Chandrayaan-4 will be launched in multiple parts due to the spacecraft's size exceeding the carrying capacity of ISRO's most powerful rocket. The components will be assembled in space before heading to the Moon.
- This approach is similar to the construction of the International Space Station.
- It will be the first time a lunar mission adopts this method, potentially setting a new precedent in space exploration. ISRO is developing new docking capabilities to join spacecraft parts in both Earth and Moon orbits.
- Chandrayaan-4 is expected to be beyond the carrying capacity of even the most powerful rocket that ISROcurrently has.
Technological Marvel and Testing
- Spadex Mission: To test the docking capabilities required for Chandrayaan-4, ISRO will conduct a mission called Spadex later this year. This mission will demonstrate in-space docking, a crucial step for the success of Chandrayaan-4.
- Configuration and Capabilities: The configuration involves developing technologies to dock modules in space, which will be essential for future complex missions. A detailed study and internal review of the Chandrayaan-4 mission are complete, and cost estimates will soon be submitted for government approval.
Future Missions and Space Station Plans
- Vision 2047: ISRO's long-term vision includes plans for India’s own space station by 2035 and sending humans to the Moon by 2040. The future Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS) will also be assembled in space through multiple launches.
- Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV): ISRO is developing the NGLV, a heavy rocket with an upgraded design to handle larger missions. A new launch complex is being created to accommodate this 4,000-ton rocket, essential for future missions.
Mains Practice Question
Q: “Discuss the significance of ISRO's Chandrayaan-4 mission and its innovative approach of in-space assembly. What challenges does this mission present, and how can they be addressed?”
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