20th July 2022
Mains Question:
Q1. How can gene editing enhance global food security and reduce reliance on chemical fertilisers and pesticides? (150 words)
Approach
- Introduction- increasing food insecurity in the world
- Brief define Gene editing in food crops (e.g.-CRISPR–Cas9 )
- Significance of the method
- crops resistant to disease, drought and insects
- allowing farmers to reduce pesticide use
- conservation of water
- Environmental benefits
- Gene editing in India and State of Policy around the world
- Challenges
- Unintended consequences
- undesirable knock-on effects
- Ethical considerations
- Suggest a way forward
Editorials
Context:
Chile has constituted a new Constituent Assembly to frame a new constitution.
How the Constituent assembly is inclusive in nature?
- 51% women representation: The constituent assembly constituted to frame the new constitution for Chile, comprises of 51% women representatives, step to bridge the gender gap.
- 17 reserved seats for Indigenous seat: Chile’s new Constituent Assembly has also reserved 17 seats for the indigenous people, securing their voice and rights.
- Other inclusion: The constituent assembly has also included people from across the socio-economic and geographical spectrum of Chile, sexual minorities etc.
What are some striking features of the draft constitution?
- Catalogue of rights: New draft constitution provides a catalogue of basic socio-economic rights, e.g., Right to education; Workers’ right; Gender Identity rights; DE commodification of water.
- Autonomous institutions: Various independent institutions have been introduced by the new draft to maintain the idea of democracy and rule of law.
- Guarantee of citizen initiatives: Guarantee has been provided to the citizen initiatives including Indigenous initiatives for introducing and changing laws in Parliament.
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