GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

Context:

Recently, Archaeologists found ancient, organic remains in silk at Devnimori and was believed that it may likely belong to Gautama Buddha and considered sacred.

Historical Significance of Devnimori

• Sacred Relics of Gautama Buddha: Devnimori, near Shamlaji in Gujarat, holds the sacred remains of Gautama Buddha, discovered in 1962. The relics, wrapped in silk, were found in an inscribed casket within a stupa.
• Cultural and Trade Connections: The site reveals cross-cultural connections, with evidence of economic and cultural ties to Gandhara. The convergence of artistic styles from Mathura and Gandhara suggests extensive trade networks during the 3rd-4th CE.
• Lost Antiquity and Its Importance: Devnimori's submersion during the construction of Meshvo dam highlights the need to preserve its archaeological richness.

The Rediscovery of Devnimori

• Archaeological Exploration: The archaeological exploration initiated in 1936 by P.A. Inamdar led to the acknowledgment of Devnimori's buried heritage.
• Comprehensive Excavation: The Department of Archaeology and Ancient History yielded significant structures, including a Mahastupa, Uddesha stupas, viharas, and a chaitya hall, offering a comprehensive view of the site's historical evolution.
• Inscriptions and Relics: The Mahastupa's discovery, along with the relic casket, provided invaluable insight into the history of the region.

Devnimori's Place in Buddhist Heritage

• Artistic Influence and Trade Routes: Devnimori's artifacts, including Buddha images and stupas, reflect the influence of Gandharan School of art.
• Cultural Loss and Development: Despite its cultural and religious significance, Devnimori was submerged for the construction of the Meshvo dam. This underscores the dilemma of preserving heritage amidst development needs.
• Preservation of ancient languages: Inscriptions in Sanskrit and Prakrit languages, as well as the presence of sacred relics, were key discoveries.

Context:

The Supreme Court of India’s view with respect to same sex persons, that there is no fundamental right to marry, is incorrect.

The Court's Ruling on Marriage Rights

• Fundamental Right to Marry: Recent Supreme Court ruling denies fundamental right, particularly impacting same-sex individuals, provoking critique for potential infringement.
• Protection from Harassment: Despite limitations, Court mandates protection for same-sex couples, issues guidelines, forming a committee for resolution. Reflects nuanced approach towards LGBTQI rights.
• Need for Correction: Court's safeguarding measures commendable, yet denying marriage right requires rectification. Disregards India's commitment to Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Marriage Rights

• Section 377 and Struggles: Landmark cases from Naz Foundation to Navtej Singh Johar illustrate LGBTQI rights progression, highlighting ongoing challenges.
• Transgender Rights and NALSA: Pre-Navtej Johar, NALSA acknowledged self-identification of gender, leading to Transgender Persons Act, addressing recognition and protection.
• Marriage's Significance: Beyond legalities, marriage bestows inheritance, decision-making authority, and societal legitimacy. Denying this reinforces stigmatization and inequality for same-sex couples.

Unintended Consequences

• Transgender Marriages and Contradictions: Recognition underscores nuanced gender identity understanding, but contradicts limiting marriage rights based on biological sexes.
• Impact on LGBTQI Communities: Denial not only discriminates but reinforces the notion of unfitness for marriage, perpetuating second-class status, affecting societal standing.
• Role of International Jurisprudence: Incorporating U.S. jurisprudence in Supriyo Chakraborty, yet dismissing foreign legal principles in marriage matters requires reassessment.

Context:

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has started a crucial phase of its human spaceflight 'the Gaganyaan Mission’.

Ensuring Robustness in Space Exploration

• Meticulous Testing and Preparation: ISRO's 'Gaganyaan' mission demonstrates unwavering commitment to precision and safety through rigorous crew module testing and parachute trials.
• Resilience in the Face of Challenges: ISRO's adeptness in identifying and rectifying technical glitches showcases its resilience and unwavering dedication to mission success.
• Preventing Cost Escalation: Resource-intensive checks and balances are crucial in avoiding potential mission failures, aligning with ISRO's strategy for safeguarding investments and lives.

Strategic Planning and Geopolitical Imperatives

• Long-term Vision:'Gaganyaan' program, initiated in 2009, underscores the necessity of forward-thinking for a resilient and successful space program.
• Local Manufacturing and Capacity Building: ISRO's emphasis on indigenous production enhances self-sufficiency, bolstering India's position in the global space sector.
• Aligning with Geopolitical Realities: PM Modi's lunar exploration target by 2040 acknowledges the geopolitical significance of space efforts, emphasizing strategic planning and rigorous testing.

Balancing Precision and Progress

• Balancing Deadlines and Preparedness: ISRO's 'Gaganyaan' experience highlights the need for readiness over meeting initial deadlines.
• Boosting Local Capabilities: Strengthening indigenous space technology through policy measures is crucial for India's global space presence.
• Geopolitical Strategy in Space: India must leverage space capabilities for strategic interests while fostering international cooperation in exploration.