Mains Question:
Q1. Attaining a net-zero energy system for India is a technically feasible target, but the transitions in achieving this goal are challenging. In this regard, discuss India’s conscious and continual efforts in this direction. (150 words)
Approach
- Introduction- Brief about India’s pledge (achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2070)
- Challenges
- internal struggle with coal production
- access to finance and technology
- import-dependence in the energy sector
- Measures taken by India
- Energy Conservation (Amendment) Bill 2022
- Energy Conservation Act, 2001
- setting up the Bureau of Energy Efficiency
- the National Electricity Policy, 2005
- Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act
- Required measures
- comprehensive strategies and concerted actions across all sectors
- overcome import-dependence
- focus on and incentivise cleaner coal technology
- create carbon markets and incentives
- Leveraging carbon capture technologies
- Conclude accordingly