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Green Shipping in India

Context

Recently, at the 13th edition of the South Asia's largest maritime exhibition and conference, Director General of Shipping mentioned that promoting eco-friendly practices and incentives for low-emission ships is important for positioning India's maritime sector and environmentally responsible future.

What is Green Shipping?

  • Green shipping is when people or goods are transported through ships using minimum resources and energy as possible, to protect the environment from the pollutants generated by the ships.
  • Green shipping promotes cleaner practices to enforce emission control, efficient port management, and equipment management.
  • It requires a huge effort from every element of the industry such as the regulators, port authorities and communities to carry this forward.

Why there is a need for Green Shipping?

  • Green shipping is required as marine diesel results in increased sulphur dioxide emissions.
  • In addition, there is CO2 and other emissions from shipping due to waste, oil, waste water, chlorofluorocarbons and nitrogen oxides.
  • Shipping accounts for around three percent of all man-made CO2 emissions, 15 percent for nitrogen oxide and 13 percent for sulphur dioxide.
  • The maritime sector emits 940 million tonnes of CO2 and contributes 5% of all greenhouse gas emissions, according to the European Commission.

Green Shipping as a rule: (Global scenario)

  • The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set clear standards, particularly with regard to sulphur content. Since 2020, the sulphur content may only be half a percent.
  • In the North Sea and Baltic Sea, only 0.1 percent is permitted anyway.
  • The next step would be to integrate shipping into the international trade of CO2 certificates.
  • Maritime trade was also excluded under the Paris Climate Protection Agreement of 2015, but could be included in future agreements.

Green shipping in India

  • India has been selected as the first country under IMO Green Voyage 2050 project to conduct a pilot project related to Green Shipping.
  • For this, the Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways has launched the Green Tug Transition Programme (GTTP) and inaugurated India’s first Centre of Excellence in Green Port & Shipping (NCoEGPS).
  • The program will start with ‘Green Hybrid Tugs’, which will be powered by Green Hybrid Propulsion systems, and subsequently adopt non-fossil fuel solutions like (Methanol, Ammonia, and Hydrogen).
  • It is to foster carbon neutrality and a circular economy in the shipping sector in India.
  • India intends to increase the share of renewable energy to 60% of the total power demand of the major ports (presently less than 10%). This will be through solar and wind-generated power.
  • The ports have also aimed to reduce Carbon emissions per ton of cargo handled by 30% by 2030.
  • Paradip Port, Deendayal Port, and V.O. Chidambaram Port are to be developed as Hydrogen Hubs – capable of handling, storing, and generating green hydrogen by 2030.
  • The National Action Plan for Green Shipping in India promotes eco-friendly practices and incentives for low emission ships, positioning India's maritime sector for a prosperous and environmentally responsible future.
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