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Nagaland Civic Polls
After two decades, Nagaland is set to vote in civic polls with 33% reservation for women, marking a significant step towards gender representation in the state's urban local bodies (ULBs).
Key Highlights of the Event
- Reservation for Women: This is the first time Nagaland's civic polls will implement a 33% reservation for women.
- Affected Areas: Elections will be conducted in 10 out of 16 districts. Six eastern districts are not participating due to the influence of the Eastern Nagaland People’s Organisation (ENPO).
- Municipal and Town Councils: Nagaland has three municipal councils—Dimapur, Kohima, and Mokokchung—and 36 town councils. Specific wards in these councils are reserved for women.
Background:
- Legal Battle: Nagaland resisted implementing 33% reservation for women in municipalities and town councils, mandated by Article 243 T (3)of the Constitution.
- Naga Mothers Association and People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) fought a 15-year legal battle to enforce the constitutional provision.
- Obstacles: Nagaland's government and prominent sections of Naga societyopposed reservation, citing cultural customs and constitutional provisions.
- The tribal bodies argued that women have traditionally not been part of decision-making bodies in Naga customs.
- According to them, allowing reservation for women would violate special provisions granted to the state under Article 371A of the Constitution.
Intervention of Supreme Court:
- In 2016, Supreme Court intervened, stayed the High Court's order, and revived the directive to hold elections within one month.
- State government, along with civil society groups, initiated violent protests against the reservation.
- SC bench, led by Justice Kaul, expedited the case in 2023, finally mandating elections to be held by June 2024.
PYQ
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Fact Box: Article 371A of the ConstitutionThe provision states that “no Act of Parliament would apply under the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland by a resolution decides in respect of Naga customary laws and procedures, administration of civil and criminal justice, ownership and transfer of land, land and social practices”. |
Mains Practice Question
Q: Discuss the significance of introducing 33% reservation for women in Nagaland's urban local body elections and the challenges faced in its implementation.
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