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GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

17th February 2025 (16 Topics)
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Panchayati Raj Devolution Index 2024

Context

The government recently released the Report on “Status of Devolution to Panchayats in States”. 

Key Findings of the 2023 Report

  • Overall Devolution Progress: Devolution improved from 9% to 43.9% between 2013-14 and 2021-22, showing gradual empowerment of Panchayats.
  • Capacity Building: The capacity enhancement dimension improved significantly from 44% to 54.6% due to programs like Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA).
  • Functionaries: The recruitment and strengthening of personnel at Panchayats increased from 6% to 50.9%.
  • Top Performing States:
    • Karnataka ranked 1st overall, excelling in financial management and accountability.
    • Uttar Pradesh made a remarkable leap from 15th to 5th, driven by anti-corruption measures and transparency reforms.
    • Other top states include Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Tripura.

About Panchayat Devolution Index (PDI)

  • The Panchayat Devolution Index (PDI) is a tool created to assess how well Indian states have empowered their local governing bodies, Panchayats, by devolving powers, functions, finances, and responsibilities.
  • This index is crucial for understanding and improving local governance and rural development in India.
  • The report was prepared by Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA).
  • Key Aspects of the Panchayat Devolution Index: The PDI ranks Indian states and union territories based on how effectively they have transferred powers to Panchayats.
  • The index assesses Panchayati Raj performance on six key pillars:
    • Framework: Legal and institutional support for Panchayats.
    • Functions: Responsibilities assigned to Panchayats.
    • Finances: Financial autonomy and resource allocation.
    • Functionaries: Human resources and personnel management at the Panchayat level.
    • Capacity Enhancement: Institutional development and infrastructure.
    • Accountability: Mechanisms for transparency and financial audits.

About Panchayat Raj System

  • The Panchayat Raj is a system of local self-government for rural areas in India for the purpose of preparation and implementation of plans for economic development and social justice in rural areas.
  • 73rd amendment of the Constitution has conferred constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions.
  • This act has added a new Part-IX to the Constitution of India. This part is entitled as ‘The Panchayats’ and consists of provisions from Articles 243 to 243 O.
  • In addition, the act has also added a new Eleventh Scheduleto the Constitution. This schedule contains 29 functional items of the Panchayats. It deals with Article 243-G.
  • The three-tier Panchayat Raj system consists of
    • o   Gram Panchayat at the village level
    • o   Panchayat Samiti at the intermediate level
    • o   Zila Parishad at the district level
  • According to the Ministry of Panchayat Raj, Government of India, there are 247,166 Gram Panchayats in India. 

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