11th February 2025 (12 Topics)

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President’s Rule in Manipur

Context

Biren Singh resigned as the Chief Minister of strife-torn Manipur. With Singh’s resignation, speculation has risen about the possibility of President’s Rule in the state.

What is President’s Rule?

President’s Rule in a state is governed by Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
Article 356 allows the President to intervene when a state government fails to comply with constitutional provisions or when the governance of the state becomes impossible under the existing government.
Conditions for Imposing President's Rule:
- Failure to Comply with Constitutional Provisions: The President must be convinced that the state government cannot function in accordance with the Constitution.
- Failure to Form a New Government: If the state government fails to elect a new chief minister within a reasonable time frame after the resignation of the previous one.
- Coalition Breakdown: If a coalition government collapses, the Chief Minister loses majority support in the legislature, and they fail to prove their majority within the set time.
- No-Confidence Vote: If the state assembly loses its majority following a no-confidence vote.
- Extraordinary Circumstances: Delayed elections due to reasons like natural disasters, war, or epidemic.

What Happens Under President’s Rule?
- Governor Takes Over Administration: The state government is replaced by the Governor, who administers the state on behalf of the President, supported by appointed advisors and administrators.
- State Legislature Powers Shift to Parliament: The President can declare that the legislative powers of the state will be exercised by Parliament. The State Legislative Assembly may be suspended or dissolved.
- Issuance of Ordinances: When Parliament is not in session, the President can issue ordinances to handle the administration of the state.
Revocation of President’s Rule:
- President’s Rule can be revoked at any time by a subsequent proclamation from the President.
- The revocation does not require Parliament's approval.
- Typically, this happens when a political leader claims majority support in the assembly and presents evidence to form a new government.

Fact Box:

Manipur ethnic clashes

In 2023, ethnic violence broke out in parts of Manipur between the two major communities of the state.
- The tribal, mainly Christian Kuki community
- The non-tribal, mainly Hindu Meitei community
The above two communities clashed over the proposed inclusion of the latter in the Scheduled Tribe (ST) category.
Since then, the state has remained tense.

Tribes in Manipur

The Meitei are the largest community in Manipur. They are dominant in the capital Imphal and are the ones commonly referred to as Manipuri.
- According to the last census of 2011, they are 64.6 per cent of the state population but occupy only about 10 per cent of the landmass of Manipur.
Other tribes: On the other hand, there are the tribals known as the Nagas and Kukis, who account for nearly 40 per cent of the population but reside across 90 per cent of Manipur’s land.
While the Meiteis are mostly Hindu, the Nagas and Kuki-Zomis are mainly Christian. Manipur has nearly equal populations of Hindus and Christians, at around 41 per cent each, according to data from the 2011 census.

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GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

11th February 2025 (12 Topics)

Copy

President’s Rule in Manipur

What is President’s Rule?

Fact Box:

Still Have Questions?

GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

President’s Rule in Manipur

What is President’s Rule?

Fact Box:

Still Have Questions?

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