2nd September 2022 (9 Topics)
1
Sep
2
Sep
3
Sep
5
Sep
6
Sep
7
Sep
8
Sep
9
Sep
10
Sep
12
Sep
13
Sep
14
Sep
15
Sep
16
Sep
17
Sep
19
Sep
20
Sep
21
Sep
22
Sep
23
Sep
24
Sep
26
Sep
27
Sep
28
Sep
29
Sep
30
Sep
Rainbow clouds
Context
Recently, an unusually-shaped rainbow cloud appeared over China. The cloud in question resembles a pileus cloud, and the phenomenon of bright colours appearing on a cloud is called cloud iridescence.
About
What is a pileus cloud?
- A pileus cloud is usually formed over a cumulus or cumulonimbus cloud.
- It is formed when the base cloud pushes a moist current of air upwards and the water vapour from the current condenses to somewhat resemble wave-like crests, or umbrellas.
- A pileus cloud is transient in nature and lasts barely for a few minutes, making it difficult, and at the same time, exciting, to spot.
Cloud iridescence:
- Cloud iridescence or Irisation is an optical phenomenon that mostly occurs in wave-like clouds, including
- pileus and
- Altocumulus lenticularis.
- Iridescence in clouds means the appearance of colours on clouds, which can either be in the form of parallel bands like in a rainbow, or mingled in patches.
- In ancient Greek mythology, Iris is the goddess of rainbow.
- “Irisation”, the phenomenon of rainbow-like colours in clouds, is derived from her name.
- Iridescence of clouds is a photometeor – an optical phenomenon produced by the reflection, refraction, diffraction or interference of sunlight.
Cause of cloud iridescence:
- In pileus clouds, small water droplets or ice crystals, usually of a similar size, diffract the sunlight falling on them. The thinness of the cloud ensures more exposure to sunlight for each water droplet or ice crystal.
- To ensure its wave crest-like appearance, water droplets or ice crystals in these clouds are always moving – droplets form at one side of the cloud and evaporate from the other end – and hence these clouds remain small and thin since the droplets have no way of combining and growing in size.
- Diffraction: Iridescence or Irisation is caused by diffraction within 10 degrees from the sun. Beyond ten degrees and up till about 40 degrees, interference of light is the main cause of iridescence.
Courses
Study
Notes
Home
Resources
More
