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All India PT Mock Test 2025 (OMR Based)
24th April 2025 (12 Topics)

World Earth Day 2025

Context

Earth Day, celebrated every year on April 22, is one of the most widely observed global events focused on environmental protection and raising awareness about the growing threats to our planet. The theme for 2025 is “Our Power, Our Planet”, and it highlights a crucial global priority: the transition to clean, renewable energy.

About Earth Day

  • Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 in the United States. The day is also known as International Mother Earth Day.
  • The idea came from Senator Gaylord Nelson and was organized with the help of Denis Hayes, a young student activist.
    • They chose April 22 as the date because it fell between Spring Break and final exams, helping to attract maximum participation from students.
  • This year, Earth Day marks its 55th anniversary with global activations aimed at mobilising a billion people worldwide to take transformative action for our planet for a sustainable future.
  • India’s Sustainable Policy Shifts
  • COP26 and Panchamrit Goals: India announced a five-point climate agenda at COP26, including net-zero emissions by 2070 and 50% renewable energy by 2030.
  • Solar and Electric Push: With the International Solar Alliance and missions like PM-KUSUM, India is leading solar growth. FAME and Indian Railways’ net-zero target by 2030 support clean mobility.
  • Conservation and Legal Progress: Wildlife conservation efforts like Project Tiger, NCAP for air quality, and legal frameworks for e-waste and plastic management have strengthened ecological governance.

Key-Initiatives for Environment Conservation

  • Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam Campaign: Launched on World Environment Day (5 June 2024)
  • Eco-mark Scheme (Revised): New Eco-mark Rules notified in 2024. They are aligned with the 'LiFE' (Lifestyle for Environment) mission.
  • Climate Action and Net-Zero Targets: India achieved a 33% reduction in emission intensity (2005–2019).
    • As of Oct 2024, 46.52% of installed power capacity is non-fossil fuel based.
    • Updated NDCs:
      • 45% reduction in emission intensity by 2030.
      • 50% installed capacity from non-fossil fuels by 2030.
    • CCUS (Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage) promoted for clean energy transition.
  • National Clean Air Programme (NCAP): It covers 130 cities across 24 States/UTs.
    • Goal: 40% PM reduction by 2025-26 (from 2017-18 levels).
  • Tiger Conservation and Wildlife Cooperation
    • 57 Tiger Reserves in India now.
      • New: Guru Ghasidas-Tamo Pingla, Ratapani, Madhav NP.
    • Total tiger reserve area: 82,836.45 sq km (~2.5% of India’s area).
  • Other key-schemes
    • Circular Economy & Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
    • India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP)
    • MISHTI Scheme – Mangrove Restoration
    • Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023 in force from 1 April 2024.
    • India submitted National Biodiversity Targets and Action Plan under Kunming-Montreal Framework.
    • Biological Diversity Rules, 2024 notified on 22 Oct 2024.
    • Nagar Van Yojana (Urban Forestry)
    • Carbon Markets and National Carbon Credit Framework
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