Context
India, aiming for net-zero emissions by 2070, is significantly behind its National Forest Policy target of 33% forest and tree cover (currently at 25.17%). With accelerating climate change and external carbon regulations (like EU’s CBAM), afforestation and carbon sequestration are becoming strategic tools for environmental, economic, and trade resilience.
Q. Tree plantations are emerging as a key strategy for climate mitigation, rural development, and industrial competitiveness in India. Critically evaluate the ecological, economic, and policy challenges in implementing afforestation at scale in India.
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