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Jammu and Kashmir’s first Assembly Elections
Context
Jammu and Kashmir is set to have its first assembly elections in six years as the Election Commission announced the dates for the newly formed union territory.
Impact of Delimitation
- From state to union territory, Jammu and Kashmir has undergone several changes that could impact the assembly polls - namely delimitation.
- To put it simply, delimitation is a process of redrawing the boundaries of electoral constituencies. After the abrogation of Section 370, the splitting of the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir into two separate union territories, required a delimitation process to be carried out.
- In order to reorganise the state into a union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, the boundaries of constituencies would change.
- Delimitation Process in Jammu and Kashmir
- Legal Framework: The delimitation process in Jammu and Kashmir was conducted under the Delimitation Act, 2002, and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019.
- Delimitation Commission: Formed in March 2020, the commission was led by retired Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai, with Sushil Chandra (former Chief Election Commissioner) and K.K. Sharma (State Election Commissioner of Jammu and Kashmir) as members.
- Final Report: The commission's final report was presented on May 5, 2022. It proposed increasing the number of assembly constituencies from 87 to 90, with 47 constituencies in Kashmir and 43 in Jammu. It also added one seat in Kashmir and six more in Jammu.
- Considerations: The commission took into account the region's cultural and geographical diversity while reorganizing constituencies. The final order was implemented on May 20, 2022.
- Constituency Changes: The reorganization has led to renaming several constituencies and shifting tehsils to new assembly constituencies. For example, Tangmarg was renamed Gulmarg, and Zoonimar was renamed Zaidibal.
- Reservation of Seats: There are 18 assembly constituencies within each parliamentary constituency, with nine reserved for Scheduled Tribes and seven for Scheduled Castes.
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