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GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

17th August 2024 (11 Topics)
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Nicobar Swap: Aravalis (Haryana) Marked as Protected Forests

Context

Haryana has tagged 24,353 hectares of Aravali land in five of its districts - Gurgaon, Nuh, Rewari, Mahendergarh and CharkhiDadri - as protected forest, under the compensatory afforestation swap meant to make up for the destruction of tropical rainforests in Great Nicobar.

About Aravali Ranges

  • The Aravali Ranges are a major mountain range in western India, stretching across the states of Rajasthan, Haryana (southwestern parts), and Gujarat.
  • Length: Approximately 800 km (500 miles) in length.
  • The Aravalis are one of the oldest mountain ranges in India, formed around 2.5 billion years ago.
  • Type: They are primarily composed of ancient metamorphic rocks including granite, gneiss, and quartzite.
  • Key Peaks: Guru Shikhar is the highest peak in the range, located in the Sirohi district of Rajasthan, with an elevation of 1,722 meters (5,650 feet).
  • Haryana is home to around 1 lakh hectares of the Aravalis. Of this, 45,000 hectares of the hills are notified under Punjab Land Preservation Act (PLPA) and the Aravali Plantation, giving them legal cover from non-forest activities.
    • The remaining 55,000 hectares were never recorded or notified as forests.

About Great Nicobar Project

  • It is a ?72,000 crore plan called ‘Holistic Development of Great Nicobar Island at Andaman and Nicobar Islands’.
  • It includes the construction of an international transshipment terminal, an international airport, a power plant, and a township.
  • The island of Great Nicobar is the southernmost tip of India and a part of the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago that comprises 600-odd islands.
    • It is hilly and covered with lush rainforests that are sustained by around 3,500 mm of annual rainfall.
    • The rainforests and beaches host numerous endangered and endemic species including the giant leatherback turtle, the Nicobar megapode, the Great Nicobar crake, the Nicobar crab-eating macaque, and the Nicobar tree shrew.
    • It has an area of 910 sq km with mangroves and Pandan forests along its coast.

Protected Forests

  • A protected forest is a forest that is legally protected by a government for conservation. 
  • Objective: to protect the environment and promote sustainable development by conserving the forest's natural resources, including plants and wildlife. 
  • Protected forests can be introduced through legislation, such as the Indian Forest Act of 1927. 

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