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Jyotirao Govindrao Phule (1827–1890)
Context
Mahatma Phule Jayanti 2025 is observed on April 11 to pay tribute to one of India's most influential social reformers, Mahatma Jyotirao Phule.
About Jyotirao Govindrao Phule:
- Jyotirao Govindrao Phule (11 April 1827 – 28 November 1890) was an Indian social activist, thinker, anti-caste social reformer and writer from Maharashtra.
- His work extended to many fields, including
- eradication of untouchability and the caste system
- educating women and exploited caste people
- He and his wife, Savitribai Phule (1831 –1897), were pioneers of women’s education in India.
- Phule started his first school for girls in 1848in Pune at Tatyasaheb Bhide’s residence or Bhidewada.
- He, along with his followers, formed the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Truth Seekers) to attain equal rights for people from exploited castes.
- People from all religions and castes could become a part of this association which worked for the upliftment of the oppressed classes.
- Phule is regarded as an important figure in the social reform movement in Maharashtra.
- He was bestowed with honorific ‘Mahatma’ title by Maharashtrian social activist Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar in 1888.
- He undertook a systematic deconstruction of existing beliefs and history, only to reconstruct an equality promoting version.
- Jyotirao vehemently condemned the Vedas, the ancient holy scriptures of the Hindus.
- He traced the history of Brahmanism through several other ancient texts and held the Brahmins responsible for framing the exploitative and inhuman laws in order to maintain their social superiority by suppressing the “shudras” and “atishudras” in the society.
- His famous works:
- Tritiya Ratna (1855)
- Gulamgiri (1873)
- Shetkarayacha Aasud, or Cultivator’s Whipcord (1881)
- Satyashodhak Samajokt Mangalashtakasah Sarva Puja-vidhi (1887)
About Satya Shodhak Samaj:
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