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Kashmir’s White Gold
Context
Last year, the Geological Survey of India (GSI), announced that it had established lithium reserve of 5.9 MT in Jammu & Kashmir’s Reasi district, putting India among the top 10 countries with such reserves. However, private companies have been reluctant to bid.
About Lithium:
- Lithium (Li) is a non-ferrous metaland is one of the key components in EV batteries.
- It's a silvery-white metal with a delicate texture.
- It is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element under normal circumstances.
- It must be kept in mineral oil since it is very reactive and combustible.
- It is both an alkali and a rare metal.
- Application: Rechargeable batteries for mobile phones, laptops, digital cameras and electric vehicles. Lithium is also used in some non-rechargeable batteries for things like heart pacemakers, toys and clocks.
Why Lithium is a Significant Material?
- Increased Applicability: Growing demand for bulk energy storage in renewable energy applications, notably in electric vehicles (EVs) and backup electric storage systems.
- Advantages of Lithium-ion Batteries: Good rate of charging and longer lifespan compared to other battery types. Higher energy density, enhancing battery performance.
- Wide Usage: Apart from batteries, used in various industries including glass, ceramics, rocket fuel, and lasers.
How Critical is Lithium for India?
- Importance in Electric Mobility: Crucial for India's focus on electric mobility in major cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Kolkata, and Chennai.
- Strategic Significance: Considered strategically important due to its applications in nuclear and high-tech industries, including electronics, telecommunications, information technology, space, and defense.
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