2nd July 2024 (9 Topics)
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Unchecked urbanisation renders Delhi Vulnerable to Flooding
Context
Recent heavy rainfall in Delhi has once again highlighted the chronic issue of urban flooding in the city, exacerbated by unchecked urban expansion and inadequate drainage systems.
How urbanisation is responsible?
Delhi is undergoing one of the world’s fastest urban expansions. The geographic size of Delhi almost doubled from 1991 to 2011. This urban expansion, however, has paid little heed to Delhi’s natural topography.
- Unchecked Urban Growth: Rapid and unplanned urbanization has expanded Delhi without adequate consideration for natural drainage patterns.
- Impact on Drainage: Historical areas of Delhi were built on higher ground, allowing rainwater to naturally drain. Modern construction in low-lying areas disrupts these natural drainage routes.
- Concrete Jungle: Extensive concretization reduces the land's ability to absorb rainwater, leading to increased surface runoff during heavy rains.
- Drainage Infrastructure: Existing drainage systems, including nallahs (drains), are often insufficiently maintained and become clogged easily.
- Role of Civic Authorities: Inadequate desilting of drains by civic bodies exacerbates flooding during monsoon seasons.
- Infrastructure: The introduction of infrastructure like railways and roads in flood plains has further compromised natural drainage systems.
In short, Delhi is grappling with urban flooding caused by a combination of factors: unprecedented and extreme rainfall patterns, silt buildup, and encroachment on floodplains
How Sustainable urban planning can help?
- Cities must prioritise sustainable urban planning, comprehensive infrastructure development, and the preservation and restoration of natural water bodies to effectively address urban flooding.
- Measures such as green roofs, rainwater harvesting systems, and permeable pavements can reduce surface runoff and alleviate pressure on drainage systems. These solutions are crucial in building flood-resilient communities.
Fact Box: Government Measures for Urban Flooding
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