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16th November 2024 (9 Topics)

World Diabetes Day

Context

World Diabetes Day is celebrated annually on November 14 to raise awareness about diabetes as a critical global public health issue. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and WHO established World Diabetes Day in 1991 in response to growing global concerns about diabetes as a major health concern.

What is Diabetes? 

  • Diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease marked by consistently elevated blood sugar levels.
  • Diabetes is a chronic illness in which the body either produces insufficient amounts of insulin or is unable to use the insulin that it does produce efficiently. 
  • The pancreas secretes the hormone insulin, which is crucial for controlling blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels can rise and cause issues with the heart, kidneys, feet, and eyes if insulin is not functioning properly. 
  • Types:
    • Type 1 diabetes: This type of diabetes is also called insulin-dependent diabetes. People with Type 1 diabetes must take insulin and also may take other medications daily. This makes up for the insulin not being produced by the body.
    • Type 2 diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes has historically been diagnosed primarily in adults. But adolescents and young adults are developing Type 2 diabetes at an alarming rate because of family history and higher rates of obesity and physical inactivity.

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