Internal Security GS Paper III by Neeraj

Category
GS -III
Test Date
11-10-2021 11:00 AM

To participate in answer writing program, Register yourself for the test. Copies will be evaluated only for the registered students. Registration will be closed before the scheduled date.

6 Days Answer Improvement Cycle

Day 1: Questions will be uploaded on the portal on the scheduled date at 11:00 AM.
Day 2 and 3: You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on UPSC pattern. After writing the answer, Click a picture of the answer sheet (Use CamScanner and ensure good quality images) and upload (in JPEG format) in the comment section of the same question.
Day 4 and 5: After evaluation, copies will be re-uploaded on the same thread on 5th day. Based on these answers and feedback, aspirants can ask their doubts in the comment box and our experts will guide. The model hint will be uploaded on the site on Day 4.
Day 6: Discussion of the question and one to one answer improvement session of evaluated copies will be conducted through Google Meet with concerned faculty.

Instruction:

Attempt both questions
The test carries 30 marks.
Write Each answer in 150 words.
Any page left blank in the answer-book must be crossed out clearly.
After Writing the Essay upload your copy in JPEG format in the comment box.
Evaluated Copy will be re-uploaded on the same thread after 2 days of uploading the copy.
Discussion of the question and one to one answer improvement session of evaluated copies will be conducted through Google Meet with concerned faculty. You will be informed via mail or SMS for the discussion.

Question #1. With the coming of power of Taliban in Afghanistan, drug trafficking may become the most potent security threat for the region. Explain the linkages between drug trafficking and terrorism in context of Afghanistan and discuss how Afghan drug trade can affect the security scenario of the region including India.

Question #2. The failure of Indian state in tackling left wing extremism lies in its inability to understand the appeal of Maoist movement in tribal heartland. Critically examine.

(Examiner will pay special attention to the candidate's grasp of his/her material, its relevance to the subject chosen, and to his/ her ability to think constructively and to present his/her ideas concisely, logically and effectively).

Model Answer

Question #.1 With the coming of power of Taliban in Afghanistan, drug trafficking may become the most potent security threat for the region. Explain the linkages between drug trafficking and terrorism in context of Afghanistan and discuss how Afghan drug trade can affect the security scenario of the region including India.

Approach:

Introduce by giving a background of drug problem of Afghanistan. (40 words).
Discuss how drug trafficking and terrorism are related and how it affects India’s security. (170 words).
(40 words).

Hints:

Afghanistan has been one of the largest opioid producers in the world and according to the latest UNODC figures over 224000-hectare area is used for opium production in Afghanistan in 2020. Although poppy cultivation is done in Afghanistan for centuries, it acquired a geo-political dimension after coming to power of Taliban in Afghanistan in mid-90s.

Linkage of drug trafficking and terrorism:

Drug trade has been the primary source of Taliban income since the last two decades since Afghanistan alone has been accounted for 84% of the global opium production since last five years according to UNODC. Taliban with the help of Pakistan ISI has developed market linkages in countries of Europe, south Asia, middle east, Africa and north America for supply of opium.
In last few years Taliban has also invested in production of methamphetamine and according to UNODC, Taliban controls 60% of key meth producing labs in provinces of Farah and Nimruz. Methamphetamine because of its low-cost production has proven to be highly beneficial for Taliban.
Credible reports estimate Taliban annual earnings from drug trade to be in between around 100- 400 million $US. This drug money has been used by Taliban to buy latest arms and ammunition, pay off new recruits and runs Madrassa who preach extremist ideologies.

Effect on India’s security scenario:

The recent capture of 2.7 billion $ US worth of heroine which is originated in Afghanistan by DRI (directorate of revenue intelligence) from the Mundra port shows the close link between drug market in India and its production centers.
As the current Taliban regime is in international isolation currently, security experts estimate that it will rely on opium production to manage its finances hence there can be high influx of opium and heroines in countries like India in near term.
Also given the close link between Taliban and Pakistan, security analyst believe that Pakistan can use the drug network to funnel arms and illegal money in Kashmir to destabilize the valley.
Being a landlocked country Afghanistan depends upon transit check points with countries like Iran, Uzbekistan for trade. Taliban has used this transit routes for drug trafficking and with their complete control over Afghanistan, these check points will be closed for countries like India. This will further affect the viability of our Chabahar port operations.

Conclusion:

Given that Taliban is now a reality in Afghanistan, India will have to heightened its vigil at both land and coastal borders so that our land cannot be used for drug transit and trafficking. At the same point India has to coordinate with like-minded countries so as to put pressure on both Taliban and Pakistan to permanently end the drug economy from Afghanistan.

Question #.2 The failure of Indian state in tackling left wing extremism lies in its inability to understand the appeal of Maoist movement in tribal heartland. Critically examine.

Approach:

Give a background of Maoist movement in India. (40 words).
Discuss the various dimensions of Maoist movement and Indian state response to it. (170 words).
(40 words).

Hints:

In India formal origins of left-wing extremism (LWE) has been traced back to Naxalbari uprising of 1967 which has been rooted in peasant discontent. After several ruptures LWE got new lease of life in 2004 when people’s war group operating in Andhra Pradesh and Maoist communist center operating in Bihar merged to form communist party of India Maoist under the leadership of Koteshwara Rao alias Kishenji. According to latest figures 90 districts in 11 states has been affected by LWE with strong to moderate influence of CPI-Maoist.

LWE and Indian state:

Originally LWE was seen only as a law-and-order problem hence Indian state tries to manage it by creation of stringent laws and empowering local police. However, with passage of time, it was generally recognized that origins of LWE lies in the socio-economic conditions of the affected areas.
LWE has been most deeply entrenched in tribal and hilly areas of Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh or in highly feudal areas of Bihar, UP where welfare promises of Indian state has yet to make any significant impact.
With the advent of liberalization, already entrenched inequalities of Indian society got further sharpens and due to lack of inclusive growth and failure of trickle-down model of development millions of tribals and Dalits has got excluded from mainstream of society and Maoist captures their imagination through their propaganda.
Tribals of central India are the worst suffers of development induced displacement and failure of Indian state to provide any sustainable solution to the problem of displacement have further raised the appeal of Maoism.
Ineffective implementation of legislations like PESA, FRA in tribal areas and the corporate- bureaucrat collusion at the ground level have further eroded the writ of Indian state and create fertile ground for spread of Maoism.

However, in recent times Govt. has taken many corrective measures to redress the existing situation which are as follow :

PM has inaugurated first wellness center under Ayushman Bharat in LWE affected Bijappur district of Chattisgarh.
Roshni scheme is being implemented to provide placement linked skill development for youth in LWE affected district.
Aspirational India programme of Govt has covered 35 LWE affected districts to provide for all round development of the region.
Road connectivity projects and mobile tower projects is implemented in LWE areas to further boost infrastructure development.
Special infrastructure scheme and security related expenditure scheme is being implemented to boost the combat capabilities of forces stationed in LWE affected areas

Conclusion:

Give the complexities associated with the Maoist movement, it is naïve to see it only through the lens of law and order. However, given the protracted nature of problem eradication of LWE is going to be a long haul and only through inclusive development and delivering justice at the ground level we can hope to win the trust of our tribal population and eradicate Maoism in comprehensive manner.

Procedure of Answer Writing:

To participate in the answer writing program, Register yourself for the test. Copies will be evaluated only for the registered students. Registration will be closed after the scheduled date.

Answer Writing, Copy Evaluation, and Marks Improvement Cycle:

Step 1 (Theme, Details & Its Topics):

Every round of Answer writing initiative will be around a theme related to the Subject/Topic.
Please read the theme and its description, and try to cover the topics given within the theme before writing the answer along with the sources.

Step 2 (Answer Writing):

Questions will be uploaded on the portal on the scheduled date at 7:00 AM.
You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on the UPSC pattern.
Mention your name, email id, location, and phone number on the 1st page in the top right corner and the page number on each page.
After writing the answers, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload them in the upload section of the same question.
Kindly submit your written answers before 7:00 PM. Only the first 100 copies will be considered for evaluation. No request for late submission or evaluation will be entertained once the 100 mark is reached.

Note: Answer sheets without the proper guidelines given above will not be accepted for evaluation.

Step 3 (Copy Evaluation): Copies will be evaluated in the next 72 hours of the test date. After evaluation, copies will be uploaded into your account. During the copy evaluation period, doubt clearing and discussion about the theme or topic of the test with respective mentors of the test will be done in the telegram group.

Step 4 (Mentorship): Evaluated copies will be sent to you via mail and also uploaded into your account on the website. After that a mentorship session for the marks improvement with respective faculty will be conducted on the Google Meet, so that students can get a wider perspective of the topics. Here you can discuss your evaluated copies also with the faculty. Top 5 copies of every test will be shared in the telegram group for reference.

Note: Aspirants who have not written the test can also participate in the mentorship session.

For Updates and Mentorship of the session, you will be notified through SMS or Telegram Group.

For Notification And Update About the Program Join Telegram Group at: https://t.me/gsscoreopendailyanswerwriting

Note: You have to write your answers on an A4 size sheet leaving margins on both sides based on UPSC pattern. Mention Your Name on 1st page and Page Number on each page. After writing the answer, Click pictures of each page of your answer sheet, merge them all in a single PDF and upload in the Your Answer Copy section of the same question.