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Assessing possibility of postal ballots for NRI
Context
The Election commission is contemplating the possibility of postal ballots for overseas migrants.
About
What is the issue?
- Citizens who leave the country for short-term work often miss out on exercising their voting rights.
- Overseas citizens, although can cast their vote, the necessity to vote in person comes with a monetary cost and acts as a disincentive for their wanting to exercise their mandate.
| In the 2019 Lok Sabha election, only 25,606 among the minuscule 99,844 registered electors voted. |
Developments:
- Proxy voting: In 2014, a committee constituted by the ECI concluded that proxy voting was the most viable solution.
- A Bill was passed in the 16th Lok Sabha (2014-19) to enable this. But Bill lapsed with the dissolution of the 16th Lok Sabha.
- The ECI then approached the government to permit NRIs to vote via postal ballots similar to a system that is already used by service voters, (a member of the armed Forces of the Union; or a member of a force to which provisions of the Army Act, 1950 which is the Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot System or ETPBS.
Voting Rules for overseas voters:
- Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2010: After the passing of the Act, NRIs have been able to vote, but only in person at the polling station where they have been enrolled as an overseas elector.
- The provision of having to visit the polling booth in person has discouraged eligible voters from exercising their mandate.
- Amendment to Conduct of Election Rules, 1961: The Rule was amended in 2016 to allow service voters to use the Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot System (ETPBS).
- Under this system, postal ballots are sent electronically to registered service voters.
- The service voter can then register their mandate on the ballot and send it back via ordinary mail.
- The ECI proposed to extend this facility to overseas voters as well.
- In the case of overseas voters: the address mentioned in the passport is taken as the place of ordinary residence and chosen as the constituency for the overseas voter to enroll.
| Service voters are those who have a service qualification. Someone who is either a member of the Armed Forces of the Union, Armed Police Force of a State, or someone who is merely employed under the Government of India. They can cast their votes either through postal ballot or through a proxy voter duly appointed to them. A voter who opts to vote through a proxy is called a Classified Service Voter. |
Possible outcomes of allowing Postal ballot use:
- Greater turnout among service voters in the process of voting.
- It is a more trustworthy way of registering mandates rather than appointing proxies.
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