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23rd May 2025 (13 Topics)

Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA)

Context

Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA) has reviewed the current water storage levels in the Cauvery basin ahead of the upcoming monsoon and the scheduled water release by Tamil Nadu from the Mettur reservoir on June 12, 2025. This review is crucial for managing inter-State water sharing, especially between Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, and aligns with the upcoming Cauvery Water Regulation Committee (CWRC) meeting on June 10, 2025, which will discuss the water release plan.

Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA):

Background

  • It is established on June 1, 2018 under section 6A of the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956

Legal & Constitutional Basis

  • Article 262 of the Constitution empowers Parliament to adjudicate inter-State river water disputes
  • Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956 provides legal framework for setting up tribunals/authorities
  • SC Ruling (2018): SC directed the Union Government to form CWMA to ensure compliance with the Tribunal’s modified water-sharing formula

Structure

  • The chairperson is ppointed by the Central Govt (typically a senior official from the Central Water Commission)

Members:

  • Officials from: Ministry of Jal Shakti (formerly Water Resources), Ministry of Agriculture, etc.
  • Chief Secretaries of 4 basin regions: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry (UT)

Functions of CWMA

  • To supervise storage and release of water in the Cauvery basin
  • To ensure implementation of:
  • CWDT Award (2007)
  • Supreme Court’s modified allocations (2018)
  • To Coordinate with:
  • Cauvery Water Regulation Committee (CWRC)
  • State governments
  • To undertake corrective actions during distress years (poor monsoon, low storage)
  • To resolve conflicts regarding water releases

Kaveri (Cauvery) River

  • It is also referred to as the "Ganga of the South."
  • It originates from Brahmagiri Hills, Western Ghats, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Karnataka
  • Elevation at source: 1,341 meters (4,400 feet) above sea level
  • Total length: 800 km
  • It flows through Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry (UT)
  • Empties into: Bay of Bengal, near Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu

Major Tributaries

  • Left-bank tributaries: Harangi, Hemavati, Shimsha, Arkavati
  • Right-bank tributaries: Lakshmantirtha, Kabini, Suvarnavathi,, Bhavani, Noyil, Amaravati
  • Kabini is the largest tributary.
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