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30th August 2022 (8 Topics)

Fruit fly: novel method to study nuclear matrix

Context

A group of researchers from CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad (CCMB) and Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Bengaluru (TIGS), have established a way of studying the nuclear matrix of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) without removing the nucleus from the embryo.

About

Nuclear Matrix:

  • Every cell that makes up an organism contains a copy of its genome.
    • This genome is packaged in special ways with the help of a structure known as the nuclear matrix.
    • The nuclear matrix gives an organisation and architecture to the nucleus.
  • The nuclear matrix is scaffolding that helps package the genome differently in different types of cells.
  • Similar to cytoskeleton, the nuclear matrix largely provides mechanical support.
    • It includes the nuclear lamina, which is the dense fibrous network juxtaposes the nuclear envelope and continuous outside to the endoplasmic reticulum.
  • There are two major components of the nuclear lamina:
    • intermediate filaments, particularly lamins and
    • nuclear lamin-associated membrane proteins
  • The nuclear matrix is suggested to generally have the following components:
    • the residual elements of the nuclear envelope, i.e. the pore complex-lamina,
    • the residual nucleoli, and
    • a granular and fibrous matrix structure extending throughout the nucleus

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