22nd July 2024 (10 Topics)
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Job Quotas
Context
The Supreme Court of Bangladesh recently ruled to abolish most quotas on government jobs, triggering widespread protests that have turned violent and resulted in casualties. The protests initially erupted in response to the High Court's decision to reinstate the quota system, which Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's government had previously abolished in 2018.
Reasons for Protests:
- Quota System Reinstatement: Students began protesting when the High Court revived the quota system for government jobs. This decision was seen as favoring specific groups, such as family members of freedom fighters from the 1971 independence war.
- Government Appeal and Supreme Court's Decision: Following the protests and government's appeal, the Supreme Court suspended the High Court's order.
- Recently, it dismissed the order entirely and mandated that 93% of government jobs should be based on merit.
- Only 5% of jobs will now be reserved for family members of independence fighters, and 2% for people from backward groups and the disabled.
Implications and Concerns:
- Criticism of Quota System: Critics argue that the quota system, which reserved 56% of government jobs before its abolition, unfairly limited opportunities based on merit. Students demanded the complete abolition of all categories except those for indigenous communities and the disabled.
- Economic and Social Context: The protests reflect broader concerns about high youth unemployment, stagnant job growth in the private sector, and economic challenges. Bangladesh's economy, once thriving, has slowed down with high inflation and shrinking dollar reserves, exacerbating frustrations among the youth seeking employment.
Fact Box: Current Scenario of Reservation (Quota System)
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