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Monekypox Outbreak in Congo
Context
The current monkeypox (mpox) outbreak in Congo has resulted in over 27,000 cases and claimed more than 1,100 lives since the start of 2023, primarily affecting children.
About Monkeypox (mpox)
- Monkeypox, caused by the monkeypox virus, is a viral infection that spreads through close contact. It typically causes flu-like symptoms and can lead to pus-filled lesions on the body.
- The virus belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus in the Poxviridae family. It is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus and is related to viruses like vaccinia, cowpox, and variola (smallpox).
- Transmission:Monkeypox spreads from person to person through direct contact with infected skin or lesions, including those in the mouth or genital areas.
- The global monkeypox outbreak was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) in 2022.
- Genetic Clades: There are two main genetic clades of the virus:
- Clade 1: More severe, with up to 10% mortality rate among those infected.
- Clade 2: Less severe, with over 99% recovery rate. The 2022 outbreak was caused by Clade 2.
- Variants:
- The current outbreak in Congo started with an endemic strain known as Clade I.
- A new variant, Clade Ib, has emerged, showing increased spread among children.
- Clade IIb, another variant, caused an international health emergency in 2022, spreading mainly through sexual contact among men who have sex with men.
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