25th July 2024 (10 Topics)

Copy

1 Jul

2 Jul

3 Jul

4 Jul

5 Jul

6 Jul

8 Jul

9 Jul

10 Jul

11 Jul

12 Jul

13 Jul

15 Jul

16 Jul

17 Jul

18 Jul

19 Jul

20 Jul

22 Jul

23 Jul

24 Jul

25 Jul

26 Jul

27 Jul

29 Jul

30 Jul

31 Jul

Transfer technology for detection of tuberculosis (TB)

Context

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has initiated efforts to introduce an affordable, rapid, and user-friendly testing technology for detecting tuberculosis (TB). This move comes in response to the staggering toll of TB in India, which claims an estimated 480,000 lives annually.

About the Technology

ICMR has developed a pioneering TB detection system based on CRISPR Cas technology.
This system, considered the world’s most economical for TB testing, utilizes DNA from saliva samples.
It can identify TB bacteria early and process over 1,500 samples simultaneously in about two hours, making it suitable even for primary health centers in rural areas.
Challenges in TB Diagnosis: India faces challenges in TB diagnosis, with a significant number of cases going unreported or inadequately treated, especially in the private sector.

About Tuberculosis (TB)

TB is caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which belongs to a family of around 200 bacteria species called Mycobacteriaceae.
Types of TB: TB primarily affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) in humans. However, it can also affect other organs (extra-pulmonary TB).
Historical Context: TB is an ancient disease, with evidence of its existence dating back to 3000 BC in Egypt.
Treatability: TB is treatable and curable with appropriate medication and management.
Transmission: TB spreads from person to person through the air. When individuals with lung TB cough, sneeze, or spit, they release TB germs into the air, which can be inhaled by others.
Treatment:Current biomedical strategies to reduce new infections include the
- BCG vaccine, which protects against severe forms of childhood TB
- Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) which aims to cover other household contacts, clinical-risk groups apart from children younger than five years and household contacts with HIV
- Effective rifamycin-based regimes

World TB Report 2023

According to the World TB Report 2023, India recorded an average of 199 new infections in every 100,000 people in 2022.
An estimated 13% of treated patients and 2.5% of new cases were multi-drug resistant or resistant to the first-line drug rifampicin.
Nearly 400,000 people die of TB each year in the country.

National and international initiatives:

National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP)
National Strategic Plan (NSP) for Tuberculosis Elimination (2017-2025)
TB HaregaDeshJeetega Campaign
TB Free India Campaign
Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP)
International Union Against
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)
The country aims to accelerate efforts to reduce TB morbidity and mortality, with a target to eliminate TB by 2025.

Bihar assembly passes bill to curb paper leaks

Polity & Governance Governance

Chemical Fertilizers Killing Soil

Economy Agriculture

Banni Grasslands

Ecology and Environment Environment Conservation

India's Ballistic Missile Defence System

Science & Technology Defence

Monekypox Outbreak in Congo

Science & Technology General Science (Issues related to health)

Genetically Modified Mustard (DMH-11)

Science & Technology Biotechnology

An Outlining of Urban Transformation Strategies

Polity & Governance Governance

A Budget that places Health on the Margins

Polity & Governance Governance

The Government’s Focus is on Ease of Paying Taxes

Polity & Governance Governance

GS Analyst: Daily Current Affairs

Transfer technology for detection of tuberculosis (TB)

About the Technology

About Tuberculosis (TB)

World TB Report 2023

User Login

User Register

Forgot Password

Verify Your Mobile Number