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Type 5 Diabetes
Context
At the recently concluded World Diabetes Congress in Bangkok, the International Diabetes Federation officially recognised Type 5 diabetes as a new condition.
?About Malnutrition-Related Diabetes (Type 5 Diabetes):
- Type 5 diabetes is a malnutrition-related diabetes, typically affecting lean and malnourished teenagers and young adults in low- and middle-income countries.
- Today, there are an estimated 20-25 million people worldwide, mainly in Asia and Africa, who are afflicted by this disease.
- It is characterized by a significant deficiency in insulin secretion, distinguishing it from Type 1 (autoimmune destruction of beta cells) and Type 2 (insulin resistance) diabetes.
- Insulin therapy, effective in Type 1 diabetes, can be harmful in Type 5 due to the risk of hypoglycemia.?
- First identified in Jamaica in 1955 as J-type diabetes, the condition was recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1985 but was later removed from classification in 1999 due to insufficient evidence.
- Recent studies have provided substantial evidence leading to its reclassification as Type 5 diabetes.?
How Does Type 5 Differ from Other Types? |
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|
|
Cause |
Typical Patient Profile |
Insulin Response |
|
Type 1 |
Autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells |
Children and adolescents |
Requires insulin therapy |
|
Type 2 |
Insulin resistance, often linked to obesity |
Adults, often overweight |
May require insulin or oral medications |
|
Type 5 |
Malnutrition leading to impaired insulin secretion |
Young, undernourished individuals |
Poor response to insulin therapy; risk of hypoglycemia |
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