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Environment (Environment (Mains))

Subjects

  • History
  • Geography
  • Indian Society
  • Polity & Governance
  • International Relations
  • Economy
  • Science & Technology
  • Environment
  • Internal Security
  • Ethics
  • UPSC Syllabus

    • Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
    • Disaster and disaster management.

    Environment and Ecology: Basic Understanding

    • Introduction
    • Categories of Environment
    • Features of Environment
    • Components of Environment
    • Ecology

    Ecosystem and Its Dynamics

    • Ecosystem Definitions
    • Properties of Ecosystem
    • Components of Ecosystem
      • Abiotic Factors
      • Biotic Factors
    • Ecosystem Dynamics

    Biogeochemical Cycles

    • Gaseous Cycle
      • Carbon Cycle
    • Human Impact on the Carbon Cycle
    • Effects of High Concentration of Greenhouse Gases
      • Hydrological Cycle
      • Nitrogen Cycle
      • Human Impact on the Nitrogen Cycle
      • Oxygen Cycle
    • Sedimentary Cycle
      • Sulphur Cycle
    • Human Impact on the Sulphur Cycle
      • Phosphorus Cycle

    Types of Ecosystems

    • Terrestrial Ecosystem
    • Aquatic Ecosystem
    • Changes in Ecosystem
    • Ecosystem Conservation
    • Ecology vs. Economy

    Population Ecology

    • Population Characteristics
    • Population Growth Models
    • Species
    • Carrying Capacity of Earth           

    Biosphere

    • Extent of the Biosphere
    • Working of the Biosphere
    • Importance of the Biosphere
    • Alpha, Beta, Gamma Diversity
    • Biomes
    • Global Biomes
      • Major Biomes of the World
      • WWF Classification of Biomes
      • Terrestrial Biomes
      • Aquatic Biomes
    • Indian Biomes

    Biodiversity

    • Types of Biodiversity
    • Value of the Biodiversity
    • Threats to Biodiversity
      • Causes of Biodiversity losses (‘The Evil Quartet’)
      • Invasive species
      • Effects of Loss of Bio-Diversity
    • Extinction of Species
    • Types - Natural, Mass, Anthropogenic
    • Causes of Extinction
    • Consequences of Extinction of Species

    Biodiversity Conservation

    • Conservation Strategies
    • Conservation Tools
    • IUCN
    • IUCN Red List
    • Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESAs)
    • In-situ methods of conservation of biodiversity
      • Advantages of In-situ Conservation
      • Disadvantages of In-situ conservation
    • Ex-situ Methods of Conservation of Biodiversity

    Pollution & Degradation

    • Land Degradation
      • Causes and Impact of Land Degradation
      • Desertification
      • Sustainable Land Management
      • Soil Erosion
      • Problems due to Excessive Irrigation
      • Soil Conservation
    • Air Pollution
      • Causes of Air Pollution
      • Harmful Effects of Common Air Pollutants
      • Control of Air Pollution
    • Marine Pollution
      • Effects of Marine Pollution
      • Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011
    • Mining & Pollution
      • Effects of Mining on Environment
      • Concept of Sustainable Mining
      • Acts to regulate the adverse effects of Mining Activities
    • Other Pollution
      • Effects of Noise Pollution on Human Health
      • Harmful Effects from Biological Contaminants
      • Harmful Effects of Radioactive Pollution
      • Nuclear Accidents
    • Water Degradation
      • Measurement of Water Pollution
      • Harmful Effects of Water Pollution
      • Delhi Pollution

    Waste Management

    • Solid Waste Management
      • Salient features of SWM Rules, 2016
    • e-waste Management
      • Pollutants and their Health Impacts
      • Importance of the E-Waste Management
      • E-waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2016
    • Biomedical Waste
      • Hazards Associated with Waste Management
      • Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016
    • Hazardous Waste
      • Hazardous Waste Treatment
      • Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016

    Climate Change

    • Factors Affecting Climate Change
    • Impact of climate change & its mitigation
    • Climate Change Management
      • Conventions
      • International Organisations

    Environmental Impact Assessment Sustainable Practices

    • Impact of Agriculture on Environment
      • Sustainable Agriculture
    • Sustainable Agriculture
      • Hi-tech Farming Methods
      • Rain Water Harvesting
      • Green Buildings and their Rating System in India
    • Eco-tourism - Advantages & Disadvantages of Eco-tourism
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