History (Post Independence Consolidation (Mains))
Subjects
- Indian Polity And Governance (Prelims)
- Features Of Indian Polity & Constitution (Mains)
- Executive, Judiciary, Legislature (Mains)
- Governance (Mains)
- Contemporary Issues: Features of Indian Polity & Constitution (Mains)
- Contemporary Issues: (Executive, Judiciary, Legislature) (Mains)
- Constitutional/Non-Constitutional Bodies
- Contemporary Issues: Governance (Mains)
Challenges before India after Independence
- Communal Riots and Regions most affected
- Partition and then Independence: Punjab, Bengal and Assam, Sindh
- Radcliff Commission and challenges before boundary commission
- Radcliff Commission and its composition
- Drawbacks of Commission
- Division of sources
- Finances
- Defence personnel and equipment
- Civil government
- Assassination of Gandhi
- Resettlement and Rehabilitation of Refugees
- Shift to Constitutional Democracy
The Indian States
- Policy of Equal Federation (1935-1947)
- Plan of consolidation
- Integration of Princely States: Junagadh, Kashmir and Hyderabad
- Aftermath of Integration
- Goa and Pondicherry
- Tribal Integration
- Roots of India Tribal Policy
- Reasons for dismal performance of Tribal Policy
- Positive Development happened due to state’s Initiative since 1947
- Issue of language
- The Official Language
- Features of Official Language Act
Framing of the Constitution of India
- Evolution of the Constitution and main provisions
- Steps to the Constitution
- Constitutional Developments
- The Indian Constitution: Main Provisions
- The Constituent Assembly
- Formation of the Constituent Assembly
- Compulsions and Issues in front of Assembly
From Colony to Democracy
- Challenge of building democracy
- Challenges before ECI and conduction of first general election
- Starting of one party dominance
- Dominance of Congress System
- Nature of Congress Dominance
- 1967 elections
- Split in the Congress
- Emergence of Opposition Parties
- Role of opposition parties
- Various opposition parties
Economic Consolidation
- Economic Development and Planning
- Ideas of Development
- Planning
- Formation of Planning Commission
- First five year plan
- Second five year plan
- Achievements of Plans from 1947 to 1965
- Key controversies regarding 5 year plans
- Green Revolution
- Prevailing Conditions before the introduction of Green Revolution
- Initiatives prior to Green Revolution to boost Agriculture
- Government’s other positive initiative during Green Revolution Period
- Positive and negative impact of Green Revolution
- Operation Flood and Cooperatives
- Formation of Amul
- Starting and impact of Operation Flood
- Limitations of Co-operativization
- Development of land reforms in India between 1947 and early 1960’s
- Abolition of intermediaries
- Tenancy reforms
- Ceiling on land holdings
- Bhoodan Movement
- Aims and advantages of Bhoodan movement
India’s External Relations
- Evolution of India’s Foreign Policy
- Strategic Issues
- Features of Indian Foreign Policy
- Emergence of NAM and its Summits
- Organizational structure & membership
- India and its neighbours
- India and China
- India and Pakistan (Indo-Pak War, Kargil War, Shimla Agreement, Tashkent Declaration and Agra Summit)
- India and Bangladesh (Creation of Bangladesh)
- India and Sri Lanka
- India with Nepal and Bhutan
- India’s relations with USA and USSR during cold war
- Analysis of Nehruvian Foreign Policy
The Crisis of Democratic Order
- The JP movement and Emergency 1975-77: Testing of Indian democracy tested
- Background to emergency (Economic context, Gujarat and Bihar movements, Conflict with Judiciary)
- Declaration of emergency (Crisis and Response)
- Controversies regarding emergency
- Lessons from emergency
- Politics after Emergency (LS elections 1977 and Janata Party)
- The Opposition: Initial years of BJP
- The Naxalite Movement
- Communalism
- Secularism and democracy
- Ayodhya dispute: Demolition and after
- Communalism and use of state power
- Revival and growth of communalism
- Anti-muslim riots in Gujarat
- The Punjab Crisis
- Operation Blue Star
- Demand of Khalistan
- Basis of Regionalism: Politics in the states
- Roots of tension
- Challenges of Regionalism
- Tamil Nadu (Dravidian Movement), Andhra Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal and J&K (external and internal disputes)
- Secessionist movement in North-Eastern states
- Accommodation and National Integration
Popular Movements
- Nature of Popular Movements
- Environment Movements
- Chipko Movement
- Narmada Bachao Andalon (Sardar Sarovar Project, Debates and struggles)
- Party based Movement and Non-party based movements
- Caste, Untouchability, Anti-caste politics and strategies
- Issues of Dalit
- Dalit panthers: Origin and their activities
- Agrarian Struggles
- Bharatiya Kisan Union: Growth and its characteristics
- National Fish Worker’s Forum
- Anti-Arrack Movement: Origin and its linkage
- Indian Women since Independence
- Lesson from popular movements
Recent Developments in Indian Politics
- Context of the 1990s
- Era of Coalition
- Decline of Congress
- Alliance politics
- Political Rise of other Backward Classes
- Mandal Implemented: The Mandal Commission
- Political fallouts
- NEP-1991, LPG policy, Tax reforms, Privatisation, Globalisation and ICT
- Nuclear policy
- Emergence of new consensus
- LS Elections 2004
- Terrorist troubles and relations with Pakistan
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