Science & Technology (Science And Technology (Prelims))

Subjects

History

Geography

Indian Society

Indian Society (Mains)

Polity & Governance

International Relations

Economy

Science & Technology

Environment

Internal Security

Ethics

Science & Technology in India

Policy Development of S&T in India
- Role of S&T in the Developing World
- S&T Policy in India
  - The S&T Policy Resolution in 1958
  - S&T Policy of the 1983
  - S&T Policy of the 2003
  - S&T Policy 2013
- Science and technology as a source of Human Resource Development
- Awards related to Science
- New Initiatives Aligned with the National Agenda
- India and World collaboration in science projects
- Technology Vision Document 2035
- National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015-2020
- National Intellectual Property Rights Policy
- Organ donation rules in India
- Policy on Synthetic Biology
Different Organization Institution and Various Department for the S&T
- List of Various Centre Institutions and Bureaus
- Ministries and Department for science and Technology
- Institutional structure
- Department of Science & Technology
- CSIR
- Survey of India
- Science and Engineering Research Council
- Technology Development Board
- National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

SPACE

Space Research Programme, Orbits and Launch
- Space Technology
- Indian Space research Programme
- ISRO and ANTRIX
- Orbits Type
- Satellite Launching Systems
- Terminologies Related to the Space Science
Satellites, Launch Vehicles and India Satellite Programmes
- Earth Observation Systems
- Satellite Communication in India
- Remote sensing applications - IRS Sytems
- INSAT Satellite Application
- GSAT Satellite Application
- Launch vehicle Technology
- GSLV and Various Engine
- Recent National and International Space Missions
- Cryogenic rockets
  - Global Positioning System
  - Galileo
  - GLONASS
  - IRNSS
  - GAGAN
- Chandrayaan – I & II
- Mars Orbitor Mission
  - Space Organisations
  - Space race/Space junk
- Recent updates
  - South Asia Satellite: Significance
  - Neutrino Observatory
  - Solar Mission- ADITYA
  - Gravitational Waves
- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
  - Spitzer Space Telescope
  - Chandra X-Ray Observatory
  - Multi Application Solar Telescope
  - Thirty Metre Telescope
  - Resourcesat-2A
  - Astrosat
  - Sunspot
  - Magnetars
  - Neutron stars
  - Air-breathing propulsion system
  - Space Junk
  - Graveyard Orbit
  - Super cluster of galaxies known as “Saraswati”.
  - NASA: Asteroid impact and deflection assessment mission.
  - Commercial use of Lithium-Ion batterytechnology
  - Hyperspectral imaging satellite
  - Water propulsion system in CUBESAT
  - Saturn-cassini Mission
  - OSIRIS-Rex passed by earth to reach asteroid Bennu
  - Hackathon # Open Gov Data Hack
  - Google Lunar X Prize Competition
  - NASA-ISRO synthetic aperture radar satellite (NISAR)
  - GSAT-17 heaviest communication satellite of ISRO
  - Astrosat, Chandra and Hubble Jointly detect massive cosmic explosion
  - Scientists create fi rst global map of water on moon
  - World’s largest aircraft “Strato launch”
  - MOM complete 3 years in orbit
  - Solar mission Aditya L-1 in 2019
  - Gravitational waves news
  - Radio galaxies
  - Indigenously developed S-Band Doppler weather radar
  - Kelvin waves
  - ISRO made satellite based chip system
  - TDRS-M NASA
  - Neutrino Observatory
  - Indian Space Vision-2025
    - ‘NIRBHAY’ sub sonic cruise missile
    - Brahmos
    - INS Koltar
    - INS Kiltan
    - NAG missile
    - Hydrogen bomb
    - Vikram OPV
    - Integrated Quarter Master Package
    - INS Kalvari
    - Prithvi II
    - Air Independent Propulsion
    - Rukmini

IT & Communication

Different Regulatory Bodies in India for ICT
- Ministry of Communication and information Technology
- Initiatives in 12^th 5 year plan
- Major Policy Initiatives National Optical Fibre network
- Spectrum Management
- Government initiatives
- Cyber Law
Computer Terminology and Fundamental
- History of Computers
- Types of Computer
- Component of Computer system
  - Computer Languages
  - Generation of computers
- Computer terminologies
- Supercomputer and its applications
- Display technologies
- Cathode ray
- LCD
- LED
- Plasma Monitors
- OLED
Mobile Generations and Technology
- Definition and Impact of ICT on Society
- Evolution of Telecommunication
- Media Transmission technology
- Wireless , Optical Fibres, VSAT SIM IMEI 3G 4 G VolTE Wi Max
- Mobile generations
  - Smartphone
  - Important concepts
- Internet, Types of Network and e- Governance
  - Internet
  - WWW
  - IP
  - URL
  - HTTP
  - Computer Security Tools: firewalls, hackers
  - Global Internet Governance e
  - Internet of things
  - Internet Protocol
  - VPN
  - Networking : Bluetooth , WiFIHotSpot
  - National E Governance Plan
  - Recent Developments
    - Government initiatives
    - Digital India Initiative
    - MeghRaj
    - Code Free for India
    - E-Kranti
    - Bharat Net project
    - Bharat QR
    - Contemporary debates
    - Net Nuetrality
    - Internet of Things
    - Big Data Initiative and Privacy
    - Cyber crime and security
  - Spectrum Policy, Broad Band Policy
    - Spectrum Policy in India
    - Spectrum
    - Mobile Spectrum
    - Broadband Policy in India
    - Cloud Computing
    - Big Data
    - Encyption
    - Biometrics
    - Virtual Reality
    - Digital India
    - QR Codes
    - Recent Developments in IT & Telecom
      - Quantum computing
      - Project brainwave
      - Sagar Vani System
      - Locky Ransomware, Petya, WannaCry
      - Hindi word for computer i.e., “SANGANAK”
      - India’s first technology and innovation support centre (TISC)
      - Net neutrality
      - National cyber coordination center
      - Hortinet
      - Digital Transaction Methodologies
      - Block chain Technology
      - Bitcoins
      - Cyber Swachhta Kendra
      - Digital Transaction Methodologies
      - Bharat Net Project
      - Wi-Fi Technology
      - Digital Terrestrial Television Transmission System
      - Internet of Things

Materials, Nano Technology & ROBOTICS

Superconductivity Laser, Artificial Intelligence
- History Classification and Properties of Superconductors
- Application of Superconductors
- Types and Applications of LASERS
- Artificial Intelligence and Application
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence
Superconductivity Laser, Artificial Intelligence
- What is Robotics?
- Robotics Terminologies
- Laws of Robotics
- Robotics in India
- Machine vs Computer vs Robots
- Parts of a Robot
  - Controller
  - Manipulator
  - End Effector
  - Sensor
- Classification of Robots
  - Rolling Robots
  - Walking Robots
  - Autonomous Robots
- Artificial Intelligence
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Robot
- Applications of Robotics
  - Industrial Sector
  - Aerospace
  - Healthcare Delivery
  - Outer Space
  - Exploration
  - Military Robots
  - Disaster Areas
  - Entertainment
  - Agriculture
  - Domestic work
- Nano Technology
  - What is Nanoscience and Nanotechnology?
  - Origination of Nanoscience and Technology
  - Basics of Nanoscience
  - Nanomaterials
  - Applications of nanotechnology
    - Nano medicine
    - Semiconductors and computing
    - Food
    - Textiles
    - Sustainable energy
    - Environment
    - Transport
    - Space
    - Carbon Nanotube
    - Graphene
    - Quantum Dots
    - Nano Bots
    - Agriculture
  - Adverse Health and Environmental Impacts of Nanotechnology
  - Social and Ethical Impacts:
  - Nano-science and Nano-technology in India

DEFENCE

Defence Technology
- Organisations
- Missile system and classification
  - On the basis of type
  - On the basis of launch vehicle
  - On the basis of Range
  - On the basis of propulsion system
- Ballistic vs Cruise Missile
- IGMDP Intergrated Guided Missile Development Programme
  - PrithviTrishul Nag Akash AGNI
  - Shaurya Missile
  - ASTRA Missile
  - Dhanush
  - Prahaar
- Brahmos Missile System
- Anti-Ballistic Missile System
- Frigates Destroyers and Aircraft Carriers
- AWACS
- Light Combat Aircraft
  - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  - Stealth technology
  - Chemical Weapon
  - Biological Weapon
- Submarines
  - Indian Submarines and Naval Ships
  - Commissioned Submarines
  - Project 75
  - INS Astradharini

Nuclear Technology

Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Fuels
- Types of nuclear reactions
  - Nuclear Fusion
  - Nuclear Fission
- Nuclear Fuel – Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Nuclear Programme in India
- N-Power Policy of India
  - Advantages of Nuclear Energy
  - Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy
- Institutions involved in Nuclear energy Development, AERB
- Safety standards in Nuclear Power plants
- India’s 3 stage Civil Nuclear Programme
- Nuclear Reactors in India
- Kudankulam Project
- Jaitapur Plant
Organisation Institutions
- Department of Atomic Energy
- BHABHA
Radioactivity
- Radiation and Radioactivity
- Radiation Technologies and Applications
- Radioactive Waste and Nuclear Waster Management
- Nuclear & Radiological Disasters

IPR and Other Miscellaneous Issues

IPR Intellectual Property Rights
- Copyrights
- Trademarks
- Patents
- Industrial Design
- Trades Secrets
- IPR and Agriculture

Biotechnology

Biotechnology in India
- Department of BT
- Various Fields of BT
- R&D
Genetics and Biotechnology
- Industrial genetics
- Genetic engineering
- DNA sequencing
- Nucleic acid probes
- Genomics and proteomics
- Bioprocess/fermentation technology
Biological fuel generation
- Global warming and the significance of fossils fuels
- Biofuels from biomass
- Bioethanol from biomass
- Biodiesel
- Methane
- Hydrogen
Environmental Biotechnology
- Microbial Ecology Environmental Biotechnology
- Waste water and sewage treatment
- Landfilling technologies
- Composting
- Bioremediation
- Detect and monitoring of pollutants
- Microbes and the geological environment
Plant and Forest biotechnology
- Plant biotechnology
- Forest biotechnology
Animal and insect biotechnology
- Genetic manipulation and transgenic animals
- Genetically engineered hormone and vaccines
- Animal organs for human patients
- Genetically modified insects
Food and Beverage Biotechnology
- Food and beverage fermentations
  - Microorganisms as food, Enzymes and food processing
  - Amino acids, vitamins and sweeteners
  - Organic acids and polysaccharides
  - Public acceptance and safety of new biotechnology foods
- Biotechnology and medicine
  - Pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals
  - Antibiotics
  - Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies
  - Biopharmaceuticals/therapeutic proteins
  - Pharmacogenetics
  - Molecular biology and human disease
  - Diagnostics in developing countries
  - Gene therapy
  - Systems biology and medicine
- Stem cell biotechnology
Protection of biotechnological inventions
- Patent protection Trade secrets
- Plant breeders’ rights
Recent Development in Biotechnology
- Achievements of Biotechnology indifferent fields
- Genome sequencing of Ragi done for the first time in the world
- GM mustard policy
- DNA as storage device
- Biomarker
- Algae based footwear
- Artificial Womb
- K. grants gene editing license
- GM Mosquito
- DBT launched “Sohum” an innovative newborn hearing screening device
- Biotech-KISAN scheme
- India’s first biomass to ethanol plant & its commercialization
- Digital Biopiracy
- Genetically Modified Mosquito
- Designer Babies’ or Three Parents Babies
- National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015-2020